Author(s):
Kunal I. Patil, Junaid S. Shaikh
Email(s):
skjunaid.pharm@gmail.com
DOI:
10.52711/2321-5836.2026.00040 
Address:
Kunal I. Patil1, Junaid S. Shaikh2*
1Final Year Student, Shree Sureshdada Jain Institute of Pharmaceutical Education Research, Jamner, India.
2Assistant Professor, Department of Pharmaceutics, Shree Sureshdada Jain Institute of Pharmaceutical Education Research, Jamner, Maharashtra, India.
*Corresponding Author
Published In:
Volume - 18,
Issue - 3,
Year - 2026
ABSTRACT:
Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed malignancy among women worldwide and remains a leading cause of cancer-related mortality¹. Recent global estimates indicate a rising incidence across both developed and developing nations, with disparities in survival linked to access to screening and treatment². Breast cancer is a biologically heterogeneous disease influenced by genetic susceptibility, hormonal exposure, environmental factors, and lifestyle behaviors³. Molecular characterization based on hormone receptors and HER2 expression has transformed clinical decision-making and enabled precision-based therapeutic approaches4. Standard management involves a multidisciplinary strategy incorporating surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, endocrine therapy, targeted agents, and immunotherapy5?8. Innovations such as antibody–drug conjugates, CDK4/6 inhibitors, PARP inhibitors, immune checkpoint inhibitors, and genomic profiling have substantially improved patient outcomes6??. Despite these advances, challenges including metastatic progression, therapeutic resistance, long-term toxicity, and healthcare inequities persist¹°. This comprehensive review discusses epidemiology, risk factors, molecular mechanisms, classification, clinical presentation, screening, diagnosis, staging, therapeutic strategies, complications, prevention, and emerging research directions in breast cancer management.
Cite this article:
Kunal I. Patil, Junaid S. Shaikh. Breast Cancer: A Contemporary Review of Risk Factors, Molecular Advances and Precision Therapy. Research Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacodynamics.2026;18(3):297-0. doi: 10.52711/2321-5836.2026.00040
Cite(Electronic):
Kunal I. Patil, Junaid S. Shaikh. Breast Cancer: A Contemporary Review of Risk Factors, Molecular Advances and Precision Therapy. Research Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacodynamics.2026;18(3):297-0. doi: 10.52711/2321-5836.2026.00040 Available on: https://www.rjppd.org/AbstractView.aspx?PID=2026-18-3-11
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